His hue, as that of a god who bestows life, is green; his sacred tree is the ever-green tamarisk. The Greeks identified him with Dionysus. Originally he ruled as king over Egypt, where he introduced agriculture, morality, and the worship of the gods, until his brother Typhon Set contrived by deceit to shut him up in a chest and put him to death by pouring in molten lead. The murderer cast the chest into the Nile, which carried it into the sea. After long search the mourning Isis found the chest on the coast of Phoenicia, at Byblus, and carefully concealed it.
Nevertheless Typhon discovered it in the night, and cut the corpse up into fourteen pieces, which he scattered in all directions. Isis, however, collected them again, and buried them in Phil' or Abydus, in Upper Egypt. When Horus, the son of Osiris and Isis, grew up, he took vengeance upon Typhon when, after a most obstinate struggle, he had defeated him in battle.
Although Osiris lived no longer upon the earth, he was ever regarded as the source of life. In the upper world he continues to live and work by the fresh power of his youthful son Horus, and in the lower world, of which he is king, the spirits of those who are found to te just are awakened by him to new life. His hue as ruler of the lower world is black, his robes white, his symbol an eye opened wide as a sign of his restoration to the light of day.
Osiris, by his ever-renewed incarnation in the form of the black bull Apis, the symbol of generative power, assures for the Egyptians the endurance of his favour, and the consequent continuance of their life in this world and the next.
The fortunes of Osiris were celebrated in magnificent annual festivals connected with mourning ceremonies, in which the Egyptians, as is observed by the ancients [ e. Animalium 10, 46], lamented in Osiris the subsidence of the Nile, the cessation of the cool north wind whose place was taken for a time by the hot wind Typhon , the decay of vegetation, and the shortening of the length of the day.
He was represented with the head of a jackal or dog-ape. The worship of Anubis was introduced among the Greeks and Romans who represented him in the form of a dog , together with that of Serapis and Isis; especially in the time of the emperors, as he was identified with Hermes.
ISIS As the goddess of procreation and birth her symbol was the cow. On monuments she is mostly represented as of youthful appearance with a cow's horns on her head, between the horns the orb of the moon, and with a sceptre of flowers and the emblem of life in her hands fig. Her greatest temple stood at Busiris i. Pe-Osiri , or Abode of Osiris in the midst of the Delta of the Nile, where, amidst the fruitful fields, the inhabitants worshipped the mightiest god and goddess with ceremonies which typified the search and discovery of Osiris by his mourning wife after his murder by Typhon.
Like Osiris she was a divinity who ruled over the world below. In the course of the fusion of religions which took place under the Ptolemies, Isis and Osiris were confounded with all manner of Asiatic and Greek gods.
In process of time she became in her power the most universal of all goddesses, ruling in heaven, on earth, and on the sea, and in the world below, decreeing life and death, deciding the fate of men, and dispensing rewards and punishments. Her worship spread over Greece, and after the second Punic War obtained a firm footing in Rome in spite of repeated interference by the State.
In the days of the Empire it obtained recognition by the State and established itself in all parts of the Roman dominions. The attractiveness of the service of Isis lay in the religious satisfaction which it was calculated to insure. Through abstinence from food and from sensual pleasures, and through expiations and purifications, it promised to lead its votaries to sanctification of life and to a true perception of the life divine.
The ritual consisted in part of a morning and evening service to the god, partly in annual festivals celebrated in spring at the return of the season for navigation, and also in the late autumn before the advent of winter. At the former festival, held on the 5th of March, and called the ship of Isis Isidis navigium , in recognition of her being the patroness of navigation, and inventress of the sail, the people in general, with the devotees and priests of Isis, went in solemn procession down to the seashore, where a sailing vessel painted in the Egyptian manner and laden with spices, was committed to the sea.
Besides these popular feasts there were also certain special mysteries of Isis, which in all their essentials were borrowed from the Eleusinian mysteries of Demeter.
In these, all who were called thereto by the goddess in a dream were admitted to the select circle of the worshippers of Isis. These devotees, like the priests, were recognised by their linen robes and their shaven heads, and had to devote themselves to an ascetic life. Oracular responses received in dreams were as much associated with the temples of Isis as with those of Serapis q. Ptah His Greek equivalent would be Hephaestus. Ra Ra's Greek equivalent is Apollo though it was initially Helios.
Ra's Roman equivalent is also Apollo though it was initially Sol. The Norse equivalent is Sun. Set Some associated him with Hades since both are usually associated with Evil, but Hades, as lord of the Underworld, would be better associated with Osiris.
The Norse equivalent is Loki. Shu Shu is sometimes said to be an equivalent of the air god Aeolus in Greek mythology. He is also associated with the Greek monster Typhon, but most people say that Typhon's equivalent is Apophis , god of true chaos.
He could probably be compared with Zeus. In Norse mythology, the god of revenge is said to be Vidar. Categories Egyptian Culture Real world articles Lists. Universal Conquest Wiki. His Norse equivalent would be Odin, as they are both gods of war. Horus is depicted as a falcon wearing a crown with a cobra or the Double Crown of Egypt. The hooded cobra uraeus , which the gods and pharaohs wore on their foreheads , symbolizes light and royalty. It is there to protect the person from harm.
Horus the Younger. W hen Horus was a infant, his father was killed by Osiris' brother Seth.
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